The modality effect in multimedia instructions
نویسندگان
چکیده
The influence of presentation format on the effectiveness of multimedia instructions was investigated. According to Cognitive Load Theory (Sweller, Van Merriënboer & Paas, 1998) and Mayer's theory of multimedia learning (Moreno & Mayer, 1999), replacing visual text with audio will decrease working memory load and improve learning (modality effect). This hypothesis was tested in two experiments in which students studied multimedia instructions on an instructional design model. The students reported the mental effort spent on the instructions, and made a retention and a transfer test after the instructions. The results show that replacing text with audio is only effective when multimedia instructions are system-paced.
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